Essaouira
Archaeological research conducted on the island near the city of Essaouira Mogador presence Phoenician trading port, Greek, Roman, according to Arab and foreign historians confirmed the name of Mogador is the old name of the old Essaouira came from the Phoenician Macdol name, which means small fort.
The upper Testament era of the real foundation of the city, which dates back to 1760, the year that coincide and the establishment of the upper Sultan Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdallah port of Essaouira, which opened in the face of foreign trade in order to develop its relations with Morocco to Europe.
One of the requirements of the security of Morocco in the concept of Sultan Mehmet the third immunization stomata and coastal cities, the main thing that made him a lot of building towers and forts. To this end, gave special attention to Menhds Teodorcorne Cournut Théodor specialist in the construction of military forts Bffenaon Avignon tabbed develop the overall design of the city. From an engineering standpoint note geometric effects of European shows in particular scaffolding that had been erected on the ruins of the Portuguese fort, and fortify the guns, also worked on the city's fortification walls and make it impregnable advantage of regular streets and Andalusian architectural style that reminds Aljaddab in Fubon Vauban. Whatever The city of Essaouira resemble those of antique Moroccan cities replete with historical Kalosoar its buildings, Fort Bab Marrakech, polisher and the port city, Bab Al Bahr, Ben Youssef Mosque, Church Portuguese.
Became a port of Essaouira time Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah most important port, has become commercially him Mogador play a role and dealing with maritime trade monitoring after forced consuls and merchants Alerobion Safi, Agadir, Rabat residence Bmocador combines business activities of the Moroccan South Center. It also has become a meeting point for all African caravans and trade until the ancients considered Timbuktu gate.
The city is made up of three different districts:
- Casbah and includes the old administrative district
- Antique City is located between the two axes: first connecting door Doukkala port and the second runs from the door of Marrakech overlooking Sear.and Forum axes established several specialized markets.
- Navigator: the Jewish Quarter, who played a key role in the history of the city depending on the policy of Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdallah, who relied on the Jews to improve its relations with Europe to make them honest sect called the "King dealers.
Fences
Like the rest of the antique cities of Morocco took the city of Essaouira order of Sultan Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdullah year 1765, impregnable walls in order to protect them from any foreign attack. Although franchise city walls with features geometric defensive influenced both European military engineering.
Bab Al Bahr
Attributed construction of the main door to the era of Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdullah year 1184 AH / 1770-1771 AD] is the only main entrance, which opens in the face of the city, geometry year is based on the European-style, above the front door bar frilly high Mtlt shape has a verse came in beauty due consistency of its parts.
Polisher port
Is one of the engineering components and features of the city's strategic location, a senior who oversees the old military barracks were sheltering Asaker and ammunition.
Polisher city
Geometric influence European and clear Besqalh city, which lies in the northwestern corner shows, embracing the main bulwark of the neighborhood opposite the ocean. The castle consists of a rectangular courtyard unformed first two levels of underground used as a store for all military equipment and the second above ground consists of a control tower topped by another tower.
Fort Bab Marrakech
Is one of the important forts of defense, which oversees the city to protect it against European attacks. Support tens of guns distributed description of one aspect of the fort to monitor all the western doors of the city and covers an area of 980 square meters, employed for the storage of supplies and weapons. Features a built rigidity and durability as brown stones Almnjurh a European technology used. His entrance Bmmaren Mtargen symmetrical conducive to the surface where the three domes.
Kasbah Mosque
Like the rest of the Alawite sultans Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdullah did not care to build forts only, but also drew attention to build mosques, which comes in the forefront of the Kasbah mosque, who is the heart of the ancient Casbah. Mosque on a square silo shape, contains a school and shelter rooms for students. The overall shape of the mosque regularly covers an area of about 900 square meters, is available on the prayer hall Blatin formed from both sides, and the other parallel to the qibla wall and another interview to the latter. Saucer shaped rib 9 meters square meters 9x Ttosth especially Balodu fountain.
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